<p>Upon receiving the request, the server checks the provided credentials against a user database to determine whether the user is authorized to access the requested resource. If the basic credentials are valid, the server grants access to the resource.&nbsp;</p>

<p>This is one of the oldest and most widely used authentication methods on the web, but it is considered relatively weak compared to more modern authentication protocols.</p>

<h2>Is HTTP Basic Authentication Secure?</h2>

<p>HTTP basic authentication is not considered a highly secure method of authentication as it sends credentials in plain text, which can be easily intercepted and read by malicious actors. While the credentials are encoded using Base64 encoding, this encoding is not considered to be a form of encryption and can be easily decoded. In addition, there is no protection against replay attacks, where an attacker can intercept the authentication credentials and reuse them at a later time to gain unauthorized access.</p>

<p>However, it can be used to encrypt the HTTP traffic and provide a more secure way to transmit the credentials. When used with HTTPS, basic authentication can provide a reasonable level of security for simple use cases where stronger authentication protocols are not necessary.</p>

<h2>How Does Basic Authentication Work?</h2>

<ol>
	<li>
	<p>A client makes a request to access a protected resource on a server, such as a web page or API endpoint.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>The server sends a 401 Unauthorized response status code, indicating that the client needs to provide credentials to access the resource.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>The client prompts the user for their username and password.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>The client creates an &quot;Authorization&quot; header that includes the username and password concatenated with a colon, and then base64 encodes the resulting string. For example, if the username is &quot;user&quot; and the password is &quot;password&quot;, the header would look like this: Authorization: Basic dXNlcjpwYXNzd29yZA==</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>The client resubmits the request to the server, this time including the Authorization header.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>The server receives the request and checks the Authorization header to validate the credentials. It does this by decoding the base64-encoded string to retrieve the username and password.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>The server checks the username and password against a user database to determine whether the user is authorized to access the requested resource.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>If the credentials are valid, the server responds with a 200 OK status code and the requested resource. If the credentials are invalid, the server responds with a 401 Unauthorized status code.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>The client can then use the received resource as needed.</p>
	</li>
</ol>

<h3>What Type of Authentication is a Username and a Password?</h3>

<p>A username and password is a type of authentication known as &quot;knowledge-based authentication.&quot; Knowledge-based authentication is a method of authentication that relies on the user providing knowledge that only they should know, such as a password or a secret question answer, to prove their identity.&nbsp;</p>

<p>In the case of a username and password, they provide a combination of a user ID and password to authenticate themselves.&nbsp;</p>

<h2>Alternatives to HTTP Basic Authentication</h2>

<h3>Passwordless&nbsp;</h3>

<p><a href="https://dexatel.com/blog/passwordless-authentication/" title="Your Questions About Passwordless Authentication Answered">Passwordless authentication</a> is an authentication method that does not require users to enter a password. Instead, it uses other forms of authentication, such as biometric authentication or one-time passwords (OTP), to verify the user&#39;s identity. This method eliminates the need for users to remember and manage passwords, which can reduce the risk of password-related attacks.</p>

<h3>SMS&nbsp;</h3>

<p><a href="https://dexatel.com/solutions/authentication/" title="SMS Authentication Service">SMS authentication</a> is a method of authentication that uses text messages to verify the user&#39;s identity. When the user logs in, a unique code is sent to their mobile device via SMS, which they then enter into the authentication system. This method adds an extra layer of security to the authentication process and can be used in conjunction with other authentication methods.</p>

<p>As&nbsp;<a href="https://dexatel.com/blog/text-scams/" title="Text Scams: A Guide on How to Identify and Prevent Them">text scams</a> continue to rise, it is crucial that all customer information exchanged is transmitted in a secure manner. In other words, sending&nbsp;<a href="https://dexatel.com/blog/secure-sms/" title="Everything You Need to Know About Secure SMS">secure SMS messages</a> is a necessity.</p>

<h3>Two-Factor</h3>

<p>Two-factor authentication is an authentication method that requires users to provide two forms of authentication, typically a password and a one-time code generated by an app or sent via SMS. This method adds an extra layer of security to the authentication process and reduces the risk of unauthorized access.</p>

<h3>Tokens</h3>

<p>Authentication tokens are a form of authentication that uses a unique token or key to verify the user&#39;s identity. Tokens can be hardware-based, such as USB keys, or software-based, such as cryptographic tokens. This method is more secure than passwords as the token is unique and difficult to replicate.</p>

<h3>Single Sign-On (SSO)&nbsp;</h3>

<p><a href="https://www.onelogin.com/learn/how-single-sign-on-works" title="How Does Single Sign-On Work?">Single sign-on</a> is an authentication method that allows users to log in to multiple applications using a single set of credentials. This method reduces the need for users to remember multiple usernames and passwords and can improve security by reducing the number of credentials that need to be managed.</p>

<p>Each of these alternative authentication methods has its advantages and disadvantages, and the most appropriate method will depend on the specific use case and security requirements. It is important to consider the strengths and weaknesses of each method when selecting an authentication method and to implement appropriate security measures to reduce the risk of unauthorized access.</p>

<h2>Advantages of Basic Authentication</h2>

<h3>Simplicity&nbsp;</h3>

<p>HTTP authentication is a simple authentication protocol and easy to implement. It requires minimal configuration on both the client and server sides.</p>

<h3>Compatibility</h3>

<p>This type of authentication is supported by all major web browsers and web servers, making it a widely adopted authentication method.</p>

<h3>Low Overhead</h3>

<p>It requires minimal overhead and processing power, making it suitable for use in low-resource environments.</p>

<h2>Disadvantages of Basic Authentication</h2>

<h3>Lack of Security</h3>

<p>On the other hand, a basic authentication scheme sends the username and password in plaintext, which makes it vulnerable to interception and eavesdropping attacks. It does not provide protection against replay attacks.</p>

<h3>Weak Authentication</h3>

<p>Since it relies solely on the secrecy of the password, HTTP basic authentication can be easily guessed or stolen. It does not provide multi-factor authentication or other advanced security features.</p>

<h3>Limited Scalability</h3>

<p>On top of that, it&rsquo;s not scalable for large user bases and can be difficult to manage as the number of users grows.</p>

<h2>How to Secure Your System with Basic Authentication</h2>

<h3>Implement HTTPS</h3>

<p>Basic authentication sends credentials in plaintext, so it is important to use HTTPS to encrypt the HTTP traffic and provide a more secure way to transmit the credentials. Ensure that HTTPS is correctly implemented on the server to protect against eavesdropping and man-in-the-middle attacks.</p>

<h3>Use Strong Passwords</h3>

<p>Encourage users to create strong passwords that are difficult to guess or crack. Passwords should be at least 8 characters long, and contain a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols.</p>

<h3>Use a Secure Password Storage Mechanism</h3>

<p>Ensure that passwords are stored securely using a strong encryption algorithm, such as SHA-256 or bcrypt. Do not store passwords in plaintext or use weak encryption mechanisms like MD5.</p>

<h3>Limit Access to Resources&nbsp;</h3>

<p>Use basic authentication to restrict access to only the resources that need to be protected. Avoid using it to protect non-sensitive information or resources that should be publicly available.</p>

<h3>Implement Rate Limiting</h3>

<p>Implement rate limiting to prevent brute force attacks on the authentication system. Limit the number of login attempts allowed per user and block users or IP addresses that exceed the limit.</p>

<h3>Monitor Logs</h3>

<p>Monitor logs for any suspicious activity, such as failed login attempts or unusual patterns of access. This can help detect and prevent attacks on the system.</p>

<h3>Review and Update Security Measures</h3>

<p>Regularly review and update security measures to ensure that they are up-to-date and effective. This includes updating passwords, reviewing access controls, and staying current with security best practices.</p>


Basic authentication is a simple authentication protocol used to authenticate users when accessing a web application or a web server. It involves sending a username and password to the server in plaintext, encoded using Base64 encoding, as part of an HTTP request.

Basic authentication entails transmitting the username and password to the server as an HTTP request encoded with Base64 encoding, without encryption.

Discover the pros and cons of HTTP basic authentication and compare it to other authentication methods to find the best fit for your needs.

Wha Is Basic Authentication? - Dexatel Glossary

Basic Authentication?

Basic Authentication

<p>It grants insight into digital campaigns and enables businesses to measure their&nbsp;<a href="https://dexatel.com/blog/sms-marketing-roi/">marketing ROI</a> (return on investment) with precision. Performance marketers use this conversion tracking technology to learn which online channels generate the most calls from customers.&nbsp;</p>

<h2>How Does Call Attribution Work?</h2>

<p>Phone call attribution uses dynamic number insertion (DNI) technology to tie a unique number to each channel. This technology makes use of a JavaScript snippet that sets a phone number by picking one from a list of trackable numbers. This gives marketers the ability to link phone leads to keywords, campaigns, or advertisements that they used to generate a particular engagement.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Marketers may attribute calls at the level of sessions, campaigns, or visitors. Call attribution tracks the profile data of any user who interacts with the phone number shown on an ad or web page. The business will then integrate this data with other marketing programs to figure out what takes place online and offline, allowing them to drive call conversions.&nbsp;</p>

<h2>Who Uses Call Attribution?</h2>

<p>Digital marketers in every business and industry make use of call attribution software. This includes the Fortune 1000 and other multinational companies where phone calls are a key aspect of customer engagement. Both internal marketing and sales teams as well as agencies generate thousands of phone calls per week via digital sources. Attributing those calls allows them to optimize their strategies.&nbsp;</p>

<h2>Types of Call Tracking Attribution</h2>

<h3>Session-Level Attribution</h3>

<p>Call attribution at the session level shows all the touchpoints within the user session that generated a phone call. This real-time insight provides a full picture of customer activity and enables the ability to customize the parameters for tracking. It also provides sales reps with valuable caller information and context.</p>

<p>Pros:</p>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p>Access to granular details down to the keyword</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>A clear picture of customer activity</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Ability to customize the parameters for tracking</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Scalability through DNI</p>
	</li>
</ul>

<p>Con:</p>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p>Limited view of customer engagement&nbsp;</p>
	</li>
</ul>

<h3>Campaign-Level Attribution</h3>

<p>The most basic model of call tracking attribution is at the campaign level. It involves tying a phone number to search campaigns,&nbsp;affiliate marketing partners, agencies, event collateral, and more. Campaign-level attribution only makes sense when a business needs to see an individual campaign that results in a phone call.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Pros:&nbsp;</p>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p>Easy to set up</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Easy to measure and attribute calls</p>
	</li>
</ul>

<p>Cons:</p>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p>Limited view of customer journey</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Inconvenient when running numerous campaigns</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Lack of insight into keywords and other granular data</p>
	</li>
</ul>

<h3>Visitor-Level Attribution</h3>

<p>Call attribution at the visitor level is the most comprehensive form, tracking a visitor throughout their whole journey with a brand. This multi-touch approach grants complete visibility, which allows marketers to see how a phone call fits into the entire&nbsp;<a href="https://dexatel.com/blog/customer-engagement/">customer engagement</a>. Besides accounting for all visitor touchpoints, this attribution model gives businesses the ability to use the insights in their remarketing strategies.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Pros:</p>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p>View of entire context of visitor engagement</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Access to engagement history</p>
	</li>
</ul>

<p>Con:</p>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p>Requires integration of call tracking platform with other marketing systems&nbsp;</p>
	</li>
</ul>

<h2>Importance of Call Attribution</h2>

<h3>Taking Advantage of Conversions</h3>

<p>The aim of digital marketing is to drive conversions, which include customer calls. Optimizing for what generates those calls gives businesses the opportunity to benefit from qualified leads and retain customers while doing so. Call attribution proves to be integral for marketing agencies in this regard.&nbsp;</p>

<h3>Knowing Which Landing Page Is the Most Effective</h3>

<p>When it comes to digital marketing efforts, split testing for landing pages is a standard operation. But for split testing to be successful, a marketer must know which variations drive conversions most effectively. This means providing click-to-call CTAs on your web pages and measuring results.&nbsp;</p>

<h3>Calculating the True Return on Investment</h3>

<p>It&rsquo;s crucial to have an accurate image of how many phone calls a digital marketing campaign produces, in addition to the result and quality of those calls and the effect they have on revenue. Without it, the return on investment data may be incorrect, and the business may struggle to defend its&nbsp;marketing budget.&nbsp;</p>

<h3>Getting Credit for Leads and Revenue</h3>

<p>Whether a marketer is running digital campaigns for an internal team or an agency, proving the value of their campaigns is crucial. To show the influence they have on the business, they&rsquo;ll need to get credit for the calls and sales they generate through their mobile programs.</p>


Call attribution is a method of tracking calls by linking phone numbers to advertisement sources such as campaigns and keywords.

Call attribution is a software that digital marketers use for the purpose of linking phone numbers to campaigns, keywords, and other advertisement sources.

Call attribution is a form of conversion tracking technology that gives digital marketers insight into their campaigns and optimize their strategies.

What Is Call Attribution? - Dexatel Glossary 

Call Attribution?

Call Attribution

<p>Thanks to this, traffic can be routed according to criteria such as the type of service being requested, the time of day, the location of the user, or the user&#39;s identity. This allows for a more flexible and efficient telecommunications network.</p>

<h2>How Attribute-Based Routing in Contact Centers Works</h2>

<p>Attribute-based routing in contact centers&nbsp;is based on specific characteristics of a customer, such as their location, time of day, or type of inquiry. This type of routing can be used to improve customer service by matching them with the best possible agent for their needs.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Matching the customer with the right type of agent can help improve the overall customer experience. This&nbsp;can also be used to route calls to different locations, such as a call center in a different time zone or an agent who speaks a different language.&nbsp;</p>

<p>You can set it up manually or automate using a software system. Automated systems can be more accurate and can route calls more quickly, but they may require more upfront investment.&nbsp;</p>

<h2>When to Use Attribute-Based Routing</h2>

<p>There are a few different scenarios when it can be used in call centers. The following are the most common cases.</p>

<h3>1. When Callers Need to be Transferred to a Different Department or Agent Type</h3>

<p>By routing calls based on caller attributes, call centers can ensure that calls are transferred to the most appropriate department or agent type. This can help reduce transfer rates and improve customer satisfaction.</p>

<h3>2. When They are Calling from Different Geographical Locations</h3>

<p>Call centers can guarantee that calls from different geographic locations are routed to the best-suited agent. This might shorten wait times and increase client satisfaction.</p>

<h3>3. When Calls Need to be Routed to Agents With Specific Skill Sets</h3>

<p>Contact centers can make sure that calls are directed to agents with the most suitable skill set by routing calls based on caller attributes. By doing this, callback rates and first-call resolution rates can see an increase.</p>
<quillbot-extension-portal></quillbot-extension-portal>

This is a technique for routing telecommunications traffic based on the attributes of the traffic rather than on traditional destination-based routing.

Attribute-based routing is a technique that allows traffic to be routed based on the service type, time, user location, and more.

Attribute-based routing allows traffic to be routed according to the type of service being requested, time of day, location of the user, and more.

What Is Attribute-Based Routing? - Dexatel Glossary

Attribute-Based Routing?

Attribute-Based Routing

<p>Arrival alerts enable companies and organizations to keep their customers up to date&mdash;they can be SMS texts, push notifications, or in-app chat. With SMS texting, businesses can send order tracking and transit information in real time. This allows customers to know exactly when they can expect their order to arrive.&nbsp;</p>

<p>A transportation service like Uber can update customers via SMS by sending them estimates of when the car will arrive. An online retailer would send an <a href="https://dexatel.com/solutions/alerts/" title="SMS Alert Service">SMS alert</a> to a shopper when their order is being processed and another one when it&#39;s out for delivery.</p>

<p>Much like all voice and <a href="https://dexatel.com/blog/sms-notification/" title="What is an SMS Notification and How to Use Them Effectively?">SMS messaging notifications</a>, arrival alerts get more attention than other channels like email. An added benefit for businesses is that they receive real-time responses. This allows them to automate communications with their audience and enhance the customer experience.&nbsp;</p>

<h2>Benefits of Arrival Alerts</h2>

<h3>Syncing Operations With Those of Customers</h3>

<p>By sending arrival alerts, businesses can synchronize their operations with the customers&rsquo; schedules. Customers would then be prepared for the arrival of their order, saving time for everyone involved.&nbsp;</p>

<h3>Preventing Aborted Operations</h3>

<p>In certain cases, an entire operation might be discontinued if a customer isn&rsquo;t expecting their order&rsquo;s arrival. For example, the customer might not have the payment ready. Sending arrival notifications can reduce the chances of aborted operations.&nbsp;</p>

<h3>Improving Quality of Service</h3>

<p>Timely arrival alerts indicate quality service and a strong organization. This helps in improving the customer experience and enhancing the reputation of the company.</p>


An arrival alert refers to a message that a business sends to a certain customer, informing them when to expect their product or service.

An arrival alert is an SMS, push notification, or in-app chat that a business sends to a customer to announce the delivery of a product or service.

An arrival alert is a message sent by a business to a customer via SMS, push notification, or in-app chat, announcing the arrival of a product or service.

What Is an Arrival Alert? - Dexatel Glossary

Arrival Alert?

Arrival Alert

<p>Long codes are more inexpensive to use than <a href="https://dexatel.com/blog/sms-short-code/">short codes</a>. And while short codes are limited to domestic SMS communications, long codes have the benefit of the ability for international use.&nbsp;</p>

<h2>The Use of Long Codes by Businesses</h2>

<p>Long codes provide businesses with increased visibility and can appear more credible and realistic to customers. These 10-digit numbers allow companies and organizations across various industries to reach out to their audiences on an international scale. While long codes aren&rsquo;t as easy to memorize as short codes, they can be ideal for cases when recipients don&rsquo;t need to remember the number. Media channels, marketing agencies, e-sellers, wireless service providers, and virtual network operators are examples of businesses that use long codes.</p>

<h2>Common Uses for Long Codes</h2>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p>Gathering information from customers</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><a href="https://dexatel.com/solutions/reminders/" title="SMS Reminders">SMS reminders</a> for appointments and confirmation</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p><a href="https://dexatel.com/solutions/alerts/" title="SMS Alerts">SMS alerts</a> for shipment updates, flight information, and banking activities</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Troubleshooting issues regarding products and services</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Communicating relevant information to target audiences</p>
	</li>
</ul>

<h2>Benefits of Using Long Codes</h2>

<h3>Personal Approach</h3>

<p>SMS texts that a business sends via long codes tend to seem just like any other message a customer receives from a friend, colleague, or family member. This allows the brand to appear more friendly rather than unresponsive.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Example: &ldquo;Hey David, this is Patricia from Cordial Care. I wanted to remind you of your consultation today at 4 p.m.&rdquo;</p>

<h3>Two-Way Communications</h3>

<p>Long numbers allow for meaningful communication between businesses and their customers. Recipients will be able to feel involved instead of just targeted.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Example (from recipient): &ldquo;I&rsquo;m on my way. Does the clinic have parking?&rdquo;</p>

<h3>Multichannel Capability</h3>

<p>Long codes can serve as fully operating phone lines. This means you can communicate with your customers through other channels, such as a voice call, creating a seamless interaction.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Example: &ldquo;Yes, there&rsquo;s an underground garage. Call this number if you need directions to the entrance.&rdquo;</p>

<h3>Valuable Interactions</h3>

<p>Conveying information isn&rsquo;t the only purpose of long code messaging. The channel can facilitate value-added interactions that the customer can steer as they prefer, like expressing gratitude.</p>

<p>Example (from recipient): &ldquo;Perfect! Thanks for the help.&rdquo;</p>


Also known as a long number, a long code is a standard 10-digit phone number that companies and organizations can use to communicate via SMS or voice calls.

A long code or long number is a 10-digit phone line through which businesses connect with their customers via SMS messaging or voice calls.

A long code is a 10-digit phone number that businesses and organizations use to communicate with their audience either via SMS texting or voice calls.

What Is Long Code? - Dexatel Glossary

Long Code?

Long Code

<p>It is considered an upgrade from its predecessors since it allows for a faster transfer of data and offers greater bandwidth, advanced capabilities, and improved radio spectrum efficiency. Although more recent technologies exist (such as 4G), UMTS is still common among many subscribers. The term is often interchangeable with 3G and has been around since the early 2000s.&nbsp;</p>

<h2>Elements of UMTS</h2>

<h3>User Equipment</h3>

<p>The user equipment refers to the mobile device itself as well as the SIM card. Also known as U-SIM (universal subscriber identity mobile), the SIM card enables the mobile station to transmit signals. Its main functionalities include carrying the subscriber&rsquo;s identity, carrying out authentication algorithms, and storing encryption and authentication keys.&nbsp;</p>

<h3>Access Network</h3>

<p>The access network is composed of towers that the user equipment connects to. Also called Node B or ULTRAN (UMTS Radio Access Network), these towers serve as the link between the mobile device and the rest of the network. There can be more than one Node B depending on how large the mobile network is. The access network is the equivalent of GSM&rsquo;s base station subsystem.</p>

<h3>Core Network</h3>

<p>The core network is the backbone of UMTS. It consists of two domains: packet-switched (PS) and circuit switched (CS). While the packet-switched elements carry the packet data and handle the internet services, the circuit-switched elements process voice calls. As an overall entity, the core network provides all the monitoring and central processing for the system. It is the equivalent of the NSS (GSM&rsquo;s Network Switching Subsystem).&nbsp;</p>

<h2>Difference Between UMTS and Previous Systems</h2>

<h3>UMTS Vs. GSM</h3>

<p>Global System for Mobile Communication, or GSM, was the standard technology before the deployment of UMTS. Commonly referred to as the second generation of wireless networks (2G), GSM offered voice calls, text messaging, and basic data services. Unlike UMTS, GSM systems did not support advanced features such as IoT and video transmission. While 2G networks improved over time, UMTS was still 40 times faster on inception with a 384 kbit/s downlink rate compared to GSM&rsquo;s rate of 9.6 kbit/s. UMTS rates became even faster over time, with 168 mbit/s for downlinks and 22 mbit/s for uplinks.&nbsp;</p>

<h3>UMTS Vs. CDMA&nbsp;</h3>

<p>Although UMTS makes use of code division multiple access (CDMA), its bandwidth is broader than that of other CDMA networks such as CDMA2000. UMTS is sometimes referred to as wideband CDMA (or WCDMA). The primary difference between UMTS and CDMA is that the former operates on a 3G network, while the latter directly competes with GSM as a 2G technology. In addition, UMTS frequency bands are wider than those of CDMA (5MHz compared to 1.25MHz). The wider bands allow more users to transmit data at the same time.&nbsp;</p>

<h2>Common Applications of UMTS</h2>

<p>The success of the UMTS technologies facilitated a variety of innovations such as sharing multimedia files over the internet in real-time. It is also known for revolutionizing the mobile entertainment industry. Top uses of UMTS include:</p>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p>Emails and multimedia messaging</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Video conferencing</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Mobile eCommerce</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Streaming and downloading audio and video</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Mobile gaming</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Internet of Things (IoT), such as for smart home devices</p>
	</li>
</ul>


Short for Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service, UMTS is a group of radio technologies that are synonymous with third-generation (3G) mobile networks.

UMTS refers to the wireless technologies that are associated with third-generation mobile networks and offers greater bandwidth than previous systems.

UMTS is a technology that defines the third generation of mobile communications and consists of the user equipment, access network, and core network.

What are UMTS? - Dexatel Glossary

UMTS?

UMTS

<p>Also known as wireless carriers or wireless service providers, MNOs normally own all the components they need to host and deliver their services to subscribers. These can include elements such as radio spectrum allocation and wireless network infrastructure.&nbsp;</p>

<p>These providers have cellular towers installed throughout a region to ensure there are no coverage gaps.</p>

<h2>How Do Mobile Network Operators Work?</h2>

<p>MNOs form a communication network to distribute telecommunications services among subscribers. They do this by creating an infrastructure that consists of base stations and transmitter masts, along with the necessary software.</p>

<p>Each device in the network would have a unique code known as an IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity). This code essentially allows the end-users to access the service with which they have an agreement.</p>

<p>Non-local subscribers, on the other hand, would require a roaming deal between the carrier they are connected to and the provider they are subscribed to.</p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p><img alt="How Does MNO Work" src="/images/glossary/22/body/how-does-mno-work.webp" style="width:100%" /></p>

<h2>MNOs Vs. MVNOs</h2>

<p>An MNO normally makes use of an end-to-end network that it owns along with its radio and core infrastructure. This allows the provider to have full control over the coverage it provides in any geographical area.</p>

<p>These operators buy a frequency spectrum from local authorities and use those licensed frequencies to operate the wireless service. Carrier frequencies enable base stations or cell towers to communicate signals and generate coverage in any location.</p>

<p>A few examples of these providers include Verizon, T-Mobile, Etisalat, Orange, Vodafone, and Telefonica.</p>

<p>Unlike full-service carriers, virtual network operators do not own a full radio network. While they may have their own core infrastructure, MVNOs often purchase radio capacity from MNOs. Instead, they make use of the MNO&rsquo;s base stations for coverage.</p>

<p>A virtual network operator may choose between becoming a light-touch reseller or a full MVNO with a core network along with branding, sales channels, billing, and so on. This depends on the amount of control they prefer to have.</p>

<p>Regardless of which option a virtual network operator chooses, their cellular coverage always depends on that of the host MNO. Using Telefonica&rsquo;s radio network, the UK&rsquo;s Tesco Mobile is one example of an MVNO.</p>


A Mobile Network Operator (MNO) refers to a telecommunications entity that provides users with wireless voice, video, and data services.

A mobile network operator is a company that uses its own wireless infrastructure and radio towers to deliver mobile data services to its subscribers.

A mobile network operator is a telecommunications company that provides mobile data services to its subscribers using its own wireless infrastructure.

What Is Mobile Network Operator? - Dexatel Glossary

Mobile Network Operator (MNO)?

Mobile Network Operator

<p>The user normally initiates the communication via a phrase, keyword, or short code. This enables a two-way SMS interaction between the individual and a business. A common form of inbound messaging is a text-to-win competition, where the end-user joins by texting a code to a specific number.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>

<h2>How Does an Inbound Message Work?</h2>

<p>An inbound SMS is typically prompted through <a href="https://dexatel.com/blog/sms-short-code/" title="The Ultimate Guide to SMS Short Codes">short codes</a> or <a href="https://dexatel.com/blog/keyword-text/" title="What is Keyword Text Messaging: All You Need to Know">text keywords</a>.&nbsp;</p>

<h3>Short Codes</h3>

<p>Short codes are numbers consisting of 5&ndash;6 digits that the end-user sends an inbound text to. Sending a message to 41414, for example, would generate an automatic response that may carry a welcoming message.&nbsp;</p>

<h3>Text Keywords</h3>

<p>Another element that can prompt an inbound message is a text keyword. For instance, sending the keyword &ldquo;DISCOUNT&rdquo; to a number would trigger a response with a confirmation message. The text keywords are ideally short and relevant to the business.&nbsp;</p>

<h2>Frequently Asked Questions About Inbound Messages</h2>

<h3>How Does Inbound Messaging Benefit a Business?</h3>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p>Helps <a href="https://dexatel.com/guide/sms-marketing/" title="SMS Marketing Guide">SMS marketing</a> campaigns in boosting both revenue and productivity</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Allows multi-response campaigns for complex inbound strategies</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Enhances business operations by allowing companies to effortlessly incorporate SMS with their existing systems</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Enables companies to send automated replies from internal systems such as accounting</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Allows businesses and organizations to control inbound messages from an SMS platform that can be accessible from any location&nbsp;</p>
	</li>
</ul>

<h3>What&rsquo;s the Difference Between an Inbound and an Outbound Message?</h3>

<p>The primary difference between an inbound SMS and an <a href="https://dexatel.com/glossary/outbound-message/" title="What is Outbound Message?">outbound SMS</a> is that the former is when an end-user texts in response to an inbound campaign. Outbound messaging is when a business sends SMS messages to a contact list.</p>

<h3>Does Inbound Mean Incoming?</h3>

<p>Although the two terms can be used interchangeably, they are not exactly the same. An inbound SMS is one that a user sends to a business in response to a campaign, whereas an incoming SMS is simply one that a mobile phone receives.&nbsp;</p>

<h3>What Is an Example of an Inbound Message?</h3>

<p>Normally involving inbound messages are text-to-win competitions. A business can send out invitations to a contact list, prompting them to enter a competition by replying to a short code. Once the recipient responds, the system would then send a message confirming their entry to the competition, sometimes along with a link for updates or more information.</p>


An inbound message is an SMS that an end-user sends from their mobile phone to an application or a business. 

An inbound message refers to an SMS that a recipient sends to a business through a phrase, keyword, or short code. 

An inbound message is a text sent by an end-user enabling a two-way interaction between that person and a business.